Recipe Introduction
Pharmacy is the study of medicine a science plucking, performance, efficacy and application, is an important part of medicine.
Chinese species are plants, animals, minerals and synthetic, most of which are based on the wild plants, so it is said that Chinese herbal medicine. Chinese medicine and herbal medicine is divided into cooked, cooked drug is concocted through manual processing, and herbal refers to the collection of medicinal raw part.
Prescriptions and clarify the theory is the study of law and governance prescriptions and use a science, and clinical subjects have extensive and close contact is one of the basic disciplines of medicine.
Prescription, is dialectical decision after the trial because the governing law, choosing the right drug, discretionary quantitative composition in accordance with the principle of compatibility made properly, is one of the main tools of dialectical theory of governance.
A basic knowledge of Chinese medicine
(A) the performance of traditional Chinese medicine
The occurrence and development of all diseases, means growth and decline of yin and yang to each other right from wrong, the performance of the body (organs, meridians) dysfunction as reflected in various pathological states – signs and symptoms.
The basic role of drug therapy is to eliminate the evils of disease and eliminate the yin and yang Piansheng partial failure of the pathological state to restore human health.
There are many kinds of drugs, each drug has a certain adaptation, such as Astragalus qi, rhubarb laxative, then qi, laxative are Astragalus, rhubarb therapeutic effect, the therapeutic effect of these drugs is due to a number of properties and their role generated predecessors, also known as drug bias. To correct the bias disease manifestations of yin and yang drugs Piansheng partial failure, these characteristics (bias) that the performance of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine is the drug action.
“Sex” that potency, “can” performance that each medicine has certain properties. Properties disease have cold syndrome, heat syndrome; illness upward, downward, into the inside; disease-bit internal organs, different meridians; deficiency disease, empirical, and therefore sexual medicine taste, Meridian, lifting drifting, reinforcing and reducing …… and other features – performance.
1. Taste
: Refers to the nature of the drug that is cold medicines, hot, warm, cool four different properties, previous known as the four gas. (Ancient to four o’clock in the cold, hot, warm, cool climate – air sequence, used medicinal description of gas so common, still in use).
Four gas temperature and the heat, cold and cold is a common, temperature inferior heat, heat that large temperature; cool inferior cold, cool slightly cold namely, that there are differences in the degree of commonality. The warm and cold are two different types of property, which is summed up from the effects of drugs on the body; treatment of heat syndrome drug is cold, the cold syndrome drug treatment is warm, in addition, there is a kind of “flat” of the drug, namely herbal more peaceful, partial heat, cold side is not obvious, is not beyond the cold, hot, warm, cool four ranges, although cold, hot, warm, cool, flat five attributes, general still called four gas instead said five gas.
Wang Jinyuan good time to compare the ancient yin-yang theory to explain the medicinal says: “Herbal Taste five, four …… Cardiff gas gas by-day also, yin yang warm days, cold days, the sun rose, overcast then drop “its meaning is to say warm yang drug person can go up – to enhance the body’s functional activities;. cold drugs can reduce people’s yang – weakening the function of human activity.
Thus, the general with the temperature in the cold, Yi yang fire, Huoxuetongluo liver qi, and so excited aromatic resuscitation drugs active function body functions as warm, hot. With heat purging fire, cooling of the table, and so reduce the body’s calming liver yang hyperactivity drugs pathological cold, cold medicine.
Through long-term clinical practice, the cold, hot, warm, cool role to be summarized, presented to future generations, “cold to hot drug therapy, heat therapy with cold medicine,” treating “hot cold, hot cold person,” the drug policy.
In addition, there are some both warm, but also the presence of drugs potency cold function, will be addressed in the monograph.
Taste: that drugs have acrid, sweet, sour, bitter, salty five different taste.
In ancient times, “Shen Nong tasted a hundred herbs are few people in the taste, then the 1st and met seventy poison” legend. Explains the process of looking for food in humans, we must try all kinds of leaves, grass, roots, stems, fruit, are bound to encounter some natural products have a special role, for example, diarrhea, sedation, induced vomiting, bleeding and other effects of substance and enjoy the taste of a variety of different substances, when people of diseases, according to the experience of using these substances to treat disease, after numerous repeated practice, some natural products has become the treatment of diseases, and summed up the taste of the drug and the relationship between efficacy. So the resulting flavors by taste or by the treatment of the resulting taste, or determined by a therapeutic effect.
In addition to the above there are actually five outside light astringent two flavor, it is customary light attached to the sweet, sour power seems, is not a separate, still called flavors.
Gomi is also a sign of drug action, different taste, there is a different drug. Consolidated ancient drug experience, summed up its role as follows;
Sim: There are divergent, blood lines, nourishing lip support role.
Divergence: Ephedra, mint.
Blood lines: Citrus, woody, Chuanxiong.
Nourishing run support: Dodder, Cnidium.
Gan: a tonic, and the urgency of action.
Nourishing blood: Codonopsis, Radix.
Relieve acute pain unborn twin: caramel, licorice.
Acid (astringent): There is convergence Guse (diarrhea, bleeding) effect.
Convergence – spontaneous, night sweats: keel, oysters.
Guse – chronic diarrhea, rectal prolapse: halloysite, Limonitum, poppy.
Urinary incontinence: Sang cuttlebone, raspberries.
Hua Jing, vaginal discharge: Gorgon, lotus seeds, laevigata.
Bitter: There purging fire, dampness, drop through vent role.
Drop vent (lower gas) Almonds – drawdown lung, cough and asthma.
Qingxie (Xiehuo Xiere) Gardenia – a pure heart and purging fire.
Dampness: berberine heat; Magnolia temperature of the cold and dampness.
Ham: There Endometriosis, diarrhea, lowering of the potential role.
Endometriosis: seaweed, kelp, corrugated son.
Diarrhea: Glauber’s salt.
The potential drop: antelope horn, abalone.
These flavors, the role of different, then some of the drug, but also it is a certain degree of continuity, “via • to larger theory”: “Xin Gan divergence yang, yin Suanku through vent”, “salty through the vent Yin, yang mild infiltration infiltration “by the smell drugs, they are classified in two categories in order to govern the yin and yang. That is the case of Yang Xin Gan mild drugs, drugs are yin Suanku salty.
Each drug has a smell of gas and gas, have their role in taste. It must be both comprehensive and perspective, there are five flavors of the other sex drugs, drugs also have the same taste four different qi.
As a pungent drugs, there Sim cold (duckweed), Xin Liang (mint), Xin Wen (Pinellia), Xin heat (monkshood), Xin Ping (Perrin) and so on.
Taste the same drug combination, and its main role is broadly similar, such as basil, Nepeta, light blue are Xin Wen, sweating relieving effect they have tables that can be used exogenous cold table card.
Taste different drugs, there are differences between the effectiveness of sex with different taste or smell of sex-specific drugs, the efficacy of similarities there are also different points. Such as cold medicines, if the taste is different, and its role is different; gardenia bitter cold, heat purging fire, cooling blood detoxification; short bamboo Ganhan, heat diuretic; duckweed Sim cold, wind and heat evacuation, diuretic swelling back. Have in common is a cold heat effect.
If the sweet taste of the drug which is different from the effect is not the same: sweet warm gutta with liver or kidney, strong bones and muscles, preventing miscarriage; Dendrobium Gan slightly cold, the latent heat to Yin Sheng Jin; licorice gamping to Spleen Qi, detoxification , lungs cough, urgency and pain relief, to reconcile the various drugs. Common is sweet, it has tonic effect.
There are certain drugs, it is a combination of two or more at a stretch and taste persons, such as Gui Xin Gan Wen; Angelica Camsing temperature; REHMANNIAE stand the cold and so on. This case illustrates the taste drugs are complex, but also reflects the multi-faceted nature of drug action. Gomi phase and should be based on the size of certain drugs to distinguish between its primary and secondary functions, such as Gui longer reconcile business health, divergent cold as relieving drugs, so the first column pungent. There are strong tonic effect, often combined with the use of replenishing the goods, this is the sweet taste of power. Warm the meridians, yang of the gas temperature of the XinGan joint action, so taste as Gui Xin Gan temperature. Angelica is a commonly used blood and blood products, the first column sweet warm, and force the blood to regulate menstruation, this should be the pungent, so Angelica taste as Camsing temperature. There are primary and secondary drug efficacy, its taste is also arranged in a certain order.
Dialectical clinical medicine, have a choice of flavors. If Sim can bulk gas, it is not appropriate to use when qi; Gan can help wet, so full of who should not use; bitter to dampness, so the lack of body fluid advised caution; acid can grabbing astringent, so I entirely evil caution of; salty and more moisture, so the spleen and stomach were hanged.
[With] medicine taste function formulas: Chinese varieties, each performance is different, cold to heat, warm Quhan use, pungent can do casual, sweet relief can fill in, bitterness can drawdown, sour convergence function, salty firm to soft, light penetration through the water, Ganhan can Yin, aroma will relieve pain, numb tongue, often toxic, fragrance channeling resuscitation can smell combined with compatibility of your work.
2. Lift drifting
Human diseases, lesions there, under the table, in the other; illness has Shangni, subsidence of the differences, the treatment requires drugs should each have up, down drifting effect tends to make adjustment disorder help organs of air, making it smooth, or make the best Quxie out. Evils on the table by suitably up floating in a drug; Evils in the next settlement is appropriate where the goods were intended by the drug of the disease. Inverse heat illness should drop, heat trapped under Yisheng disease, which is the use of traditional Chinese medicine must master the general law. However, phlegm obstruct real encounter, chest tightness snapped vomiting, the use of floating up to the Bay Guadi spit phlegm; If the beginning and the Department of dysentery caused by stagnation, then dredge with a consumer product, the capture of settlement rhubarb through vent, which was due to pass universal law.
Thus, rising, falling, floating, Shen refers to drugs that act on the body in terms of several trends. Up and down, float and sink, is relative. L is meant by lifting; drop is Jiangni mean; floating upward divergence is meant; Shen Lee is the meaning of the downstream vent. L, the drug is characterized by floating upward outward, with Sun, lift depression, publish, cold, chills, resuscitation and other pharmacological effects; while settling characteristics of the drug is down to the inside, with yang, Jiangni asthma, astringent, diarrhea, bleeding profits and so on.
Drug depends on the drug drifting elevator smell and texture severity. Generally, spicy sweet, hot temperatures drugs, multi-master rose float; Pickle brackish, gas cold medicine, multi-master settlement. “Compendium of Materia Medica” says: “No sour salty liters, Xin Gan no drop, no floating cold, no heat sink.” Generally light drugs, such as multi-master rose mosaic like floating, quality heavy drugs, such as seeds, minerals, shells and more like the main settlement. But there are exceptions, such as croton Sim heat sink instead of rising, so it is by the action of water diarrhea; Inula flower is a flower, do not float up, but the settlement, the main Jiangni asthma, it is “all flowers are rose, complex single flower drop, “said, burdock seeds class, anti-main-liter float can Arthritic all hot. In addition, the drug can also be a result of lifting drifting processing, processing or compatibility and change. Rose with wine, salt, fried then down, then fry ginger can diverge, Cuchao is able to converge. Therefore, clinical application to be flexible in order to use properly, play a therapeutic role of the drug.
3. Meridian
Owned by the ancients in long-term clinical practice recognizes certain drugs for some organs, meridians diseases with special treatment, summed up the kind of drug laws. Such as when lung sick, often cough, dyspnea, sputum symptoms, cough and asthma can almonds, almond instructions included in the lung; When the liver is sick, hypochondriac pain or discomfort with its main performance peel can cure hypochondriac, indicating Peel included in the liver and so on. As the drug normalized by different drugs belong to a taste, its role is not the same, or site of action are different, such as baicalin, berberine, Cork belong to the bitter cold antipyretic, but skullcap lungs by clearing the lungs and longer heat; berberine into the heart, stomach and diarrhea Firelight energy, Qingwei heat; Bo into the kidney and heavy in diarrhea-fire. Another example is the same as the warm cinnamon and ginger in medicine. But the ginger into the lungs, spleen, stomach, and therefore lung, spleen, stomach and more selective with cold ginger; while cinnamon due to liver, kidney, so the liver and kidney cold multi-use cinnamon instead of ginger.
Meridian has a profound understanding of the doctrine of practical significance; First, the drug can be used as a basis for election party. In general, each after every dirty Syndrome has its main square, the main drug prescription, so that drugs are attributed to the classics. As the sun was prima facie evidence, the common people by the ephedra, Gui as the main solution form of the drug; liver and kidney were more used to Rehmannia, Cornus mainly composed of prescription drugs Liuweidihuang soup to treat. These ancient tripartite law, promoted by the development of the doctrine of normalization. Second, with the card can be used as the basis of medication. Such as headache site is different, represent different syndromes meridians, before headache (Meridian) plus Angelica; migraine (Shaoyang) plus Bupleurum; occipital pain (sun through), plus Viticis so on. The third is owned by for clues, explore the potential function of certain drugs. Such as dandelions stomach after drug detoxification. It is used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, and achieved good effect; tonkinensis human lung, the trial in lung cancer treatment. Are some of the new ways of drugs by drug quest to go through that. Fourth membership Royal Meridian to perform simple fan. If Atractylodes deficiency of spleen dampness, spleen qi deficiency treatment, diarrhea, vomiting, thirst spontaneous and other syndromes, these syndromes are physiological functions and pathological changes related to the spleen. Thus by Atractylodes spleen through and fully understand and grasp.
Must be emphasized, owned by the doctrine in the use of the drug is necessary to taste, combining drifting movements, the second is to take care of each other and medication among various organs. Tonggui because once a drug, its taste, the ups and downs of different movements, but it can not execute a waste it. If lung cough cold and heat of the other, although lung drug ephedra, ginger, skullcap, lily, Morus alba, Tinglizi etc., the use of cold ephedra, ginger warm to the clinical treatment of lung cough; Scutellaria, mulberry White qingfei Xiere to cough; Lily and nourishing lung deficiency cough; Tinglizi to vent pulmonary consolidation and cough. Various grades such, all through versa.
In addition, there are theories, “cited by the drug,” the so-called classics drug refers to a particular role in Meridian drugs, which in addition to the therapeutic effect by Syndrome, but also to not return the drugs cited by the return to the After exert its therapeutic effect, in order to improve drug efficacy. (Equivalent carrier doctrine of modern medicine).
Table 8-1 Examples cited by the Drug table
Organs and meridians
Cited by the drug
Organs and meridians
Cited by the drug
Hand Shao Yin Heart Sutra
Berberine, Asarum
Foot Yangming stomach
Angelica, gypsum, Pueraria
Hand the small intestine by the sun
Akebia, bamboo
Pericardium by
Dan, Bupleurum
Kidney meridian
Cinnamon, Asarum
Hand Shao triple burner
Radix, forsythia
Bladder full sun
Notopterygium
Foot Jue Yin Liver Meridian
Peel, Chuanxiong, Radix
Hand lunar lung
Bellflower, cohosh, light blue,
Foot Gallbladder
Radix, Peel
Full moon spleen
Cohosh, herb
(B) the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine and Taboo
1. Compatibility
Two or more drugs with the application of traditional Chinese medicine called compatibility. Medicine through compatibility, comprehensive care can be more complicated for the disease, while leveraging synergy and antagonism between the drugs and access to safe and high efficacy. Ancient physicians understanding and practice over a long period of compatibility between drug accumulated a wealth of knowledge, and summarized in the following six areas are summarized.
(1) phase shall be: that the performance of similar drugs with Wu to use, can act synergistically to enhance efficacy. Such as gypsum, Anemarrhena combined to enhance the power of heat purging fire.
(2) phase to make: that performance is not the same as using drugs with Wu, can help each other, enhance the effect. If Astragalus qi and benefits of water Poria combination, can enhance the power of qi diuresis.
(3) Phase fear: that a drug’s side effects, can reduce or suppress another drug. As can Pinellia South star ginger reduce or eliminate the toxicity, so that the fear ginger Pinellia Southern Star.
(4) Phase K: i.e. a drug can reduce or eliminate the side effects of another drug. Such as wind and kill poison arsenic, poison green beans can answer Croton, so that the wind arsenic to kill, kill Croton green beans.
(5) relative evil: that the two drugs in combination, can contain each other leaving the role of reduced or loss of efficacy. Such as ginger evil skullcap, ginseng evil Radish.
(6) On the contrary: that the combination of the two drugs can produce toxicity or side effects. If Aconitum anti Breit, licorice anti-wu flowers.
These six areas, the phase to be compared so that synergies are drugs; Phase fear antagonism with killing drugs are different degrees; relative evil, the opposite is drug incompatibility.
In addition, there are no other drug assistance, rely on single herbs play a role, called a single-line, such as Ginseng and other unilateral independence.