Acupuncture Houston Ph.D Blog

Chinese Academy of Pediatrics is a research period of growth and development in children, preventive health care and disease diagnosis and treatment. The pediatric basic knowledge for the book is the first paper, this one focuses on the physiological and pathological features in children, growth and development of feeding knowledge about health care, pediatric clinics, key points, the master plan of the entire book can be likened to an entry key learning pediatric medicine, only learn this one, in order to in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment of pediatric diseases and syndromes law.

◆ pediatric age installments

In children is in the process of continuous growth and development of all ages have different characteristics of the body, so the entire pediatric period can be divided into several stages, in order to better guide the upbringing and disease prevention. According to the characteristics of growth and development in children, the age of a child, can be divided into six, that the prenatal period, the neonatal period (birth to 28 days), infants (28 days to 1 year old), early childhood (1-3 years of age), young children period (3-7 years), childhood (7 to 12 years of age).

Fetal period

From conception to delivery of a total of about 40 weeks, called the fetal period. Dependent on the maternal fetal period survives, pregnant women, health, nutrition, health, mental state, may affect fetal growth and development, especially in the first three months of conception, fetal organs and organ development and differentiation rapidly , and basically formed the pregnant mother suffered physical, drug, infection, nutrition and other factors, can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, malformation. Therefore protect pregnant women, guidance pregnancy health, prevention of infection, nutritional intake, pay attention to the health of the fetal period, it is very important.

The ancient physicians attaches great importance to the health of the fetal period, this is called “child support”, “protect the fetus”, “prenatal” and the spirit of photo, nursed back to health diet, medication bogey cheap, daily life, many aspects of practical measures. 7 days internationally, pregnancy 28 weeks after birth, is called perinatal perinatal pediatric mortality reflects one of the indicators of a national health standards to reduce perinatal mortality must strive to improve the delivery technology, effectively strengthen the various health measures of the fetal period.

[Neonatal period]

28 days after birth from childbirth called the neonatal period, the children just left the mother to begin independent survival. Internal organs, not into the whole, the whole is not strong, soft body, the physiological functions were not mature, less able to adapt to the external environment, the need to go through a period of physiological adjustment to gradually adapt to the living environment. Relatively rapid body growth, but the central nervous system is not yet perfect, the cerebral cortex in the inhibitory state, sleep time up to 20 hours a day. The immature neonatal body is very weak, the defense capability of many diseases, and therefore prone to body temperature does not rise, weight loss, illness after cult poison easily spread in the body, leading to serious consequences. The disease is mostly associated with the tire, childbirth and dysplasia, such as birth trauma, asphyxia, umbilical wind, jaundice, stearin swollen psychosis.

【Infancy]

From 28 days after birth to at least 1 year old to infancy, this period children with fresh milk feeding mainly so called suckling period. This period of growth and development, especially rapid, dynamic pediatric developmental rapid physiological characteristics in this period was the most in a year’s time, the body weight increased three-fold compared with the newborn, also an increase of 1.5 times the body length, head circumference, chest circumference The development is very rapid. The rapid growth of the body need a lot of nutrients added, this period is mainly milk food, but must add supplementary food on a monthly basis, in order to meet the needs of growing children. But at the same time the baby spleen often inadequate transport and fatigue, improper feeding, could easily lead to infant diarrhea, Indigestion, abdominal pain, vomiting, stomach disease. Of pediatric lung is also very delicate, not solid guard outside, also prone to colds, cough.

Pneumonia Asthma Syndrome. Six months after birth, obtained from the mother’s immunity is weakened, if not on schedule vaccination, the incidence of infectious diseases will be anxious populations increases. The focus of this period of health to promote breastfeeding, to guide the rational nutrition, increase food supplement in a timely manner, on time and to accept the planned immunization, and pay attention to the care and upbringing.

[Early childhood]

From 1 year old to 3 years of age for early childhood. Pediatric weight and length of this period compared with the previous slow, but the physiological function of maturing deciduous teeth gradually at a time, the rapid development of the language, action and thinking activities. After weaning, the varieties of food conversion, the function of the spleen and stomach is weak, likely to cause vomiting and diarrhea, Malnutrition. The increase in outdoor activities, contagious opportunities, such as itching gills, Dayton cough, chickenpox, Dan fever when the line of the increased incidence of the disease, should be good health care. For young children, it is necessary to pay attention to feeding after weaning, to develop good eating and living habits of life, enhance outdoor activities, promote physical growth. Should also be based on the characteristics of children’s intellectual development during this period, early education, to the development of children’s intelligence.

[Early childhood]

Early childhood, from the age of 3 to 7 years of age, also known as the preschool. This period by the rapid development of the physique to the rapid development of neuropsychiatric contact with adults closer, understand and imitate the enhanced language gradually and start with a lot of abstract concepts, curious, inquisitive, a good imitation of curiosity than strong. This of children, should pay attention to cultivate good moral character and health habits. Enhance disease resistance in children of early childhood, Feipi incidence of disease and syndrome, but due to the increased scope of activities, and the lack of life experience, without the ability to identify the risk factors of the outside world, plus away from adult control, it is prone to accidents such as trauma, stings, burns, electric shock, car accidents, incorrect use of Pharmacology and Toxicology, attention must be given to strengthen safety education for young children. It should also continue to do preventive health care work. This period of edema, Arthralgia, asthma, incidence increased. And the need to pay attention to the eyes, oral hygiene and care, and to prevent and treat a variety of parasitic diseases.

[Childhood]

6 to 7-year-old enrollment period for children from 7 years old to 12 years of age, mostly, it is also known as the school-age. The physical development of children growing steadily, both further development of the brain thinking, analytical ability, physical activity, and has been able to adapt to the school, the social environment, the variety of time-line disease resistance to disease, the type of disease and the performance has been close to adult growth of knowledge, a good period to receive education. Lower incidence of childhood but pay attention to the eyes and oral hygiene, prevention of myopia and dental caries, sit upright, vertical, line, write posture. Should supply a wealth of nutrition, a regular living arrangements, to ensure adequate sleep and rest. It should also be noted that strengthen the physical exercise, to improve the resilience of the disease.

Childhood stage, girls are more than 12-year-old boy about 13 years old, a time when the onset of puberty, kidney Sheng Tiangui to mature sexual development, physical development suddenly accelerates, from the change in the psychological and behavioral and psychological aspects , plus the last few decades, into the average age of puberty has been ahead of the trend in children, pediatricians not only to have this knowledge, should also be timely to do a good job of education and guidance of those age children. Children enter puberty, it is necessary to provide adequate food and nutrition, and to ensure its growth and development needs of adolescent physical health knowledge education, adapted from the physiological and psychological aspects of the the mature critical period, and to protect the physical and mental health.

Records of the ancient physicians of the age of a child, staging is not quite consistent, as early as in the “via” existing “Eighteen have been on for the few-year-old has been on for the small”, Song “children total health micro-On the side” is presented when as in children below the age of fourteen. Dividing by age when pushing the Ming Dynasty “Shou Shi Bao Yuan” proposed: under two years old baby, three-year-old baby for 50-year-old for the children, seven-year-old to shed the milk teeth milk teeth, nine-year-old boy, ten years as the little children, etc..